Pyridine pigments from functional Monascus rice / 药学学报

The trace chemical components in functional Monascus rice were studied to explore the potential bioactive substances. MCI column, Sephadex LH-20 gel, and preparative liquid chromatography were used to purified the ethyl acetate extract from functional Monascus rice. Two novel pyridine Monascus pigments were isolated and identified, named monascopyridine G (1) and monascopyridine H (2), respectively based on extensive mass spectrometry (MS), infrared radiation (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The molecular docking experiments between compounds 1 and 2 and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) showed that they exhibited obvious binding force with the receptor protein. Besides, the biosynthetic pathways of the two compounds were proposed, which provide a valuable reference for the selective production of these potential bioactive substances.

A cohort study on the association between resting heart rate and the risk of new-onset heart failure / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To prospectively explore the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and risk of new-onset heart failure. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. People who attended the physical examination of Kailuan Group Company in 2006 and with complete electrocardiography (ECG) recordings were eligible for this study. A total of 88 879 participants aged 18 years old or more who were free of arrhythmia, a prior history of heart failure and were not treated with β-blocker were included. Participants were divided into 5 groups according to the quintiles of RHR at baseline (Q(1) group, 40-60 beats/minutes (n=18 168) ; Q(2) group, 67-70 beats/minutes (n=18 970) ; Q(3) group, 71-74 beats/minutes (n=13 583) ; Q(4) group, 75-80 beats/minutes (n=22 739) ; and Q(5) group,>80 beats/minutes (n=15 419) ) .The general clinical data and laboratory test results were collected. The outcome was the first occurrence of heart failure at the end of follow-up (December 31, 2016) .We used Cox regression model to examine the association between RHR and the risk of new-onset heart failure. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox regression modeling. Results: Among the included patients 68 411 participants were male, mean age was (51.0±12.3) years old, and RHR was (74±10) beats/minutes. Statistically significant differences among the RHR quintiles were found for the following variables: age, gender, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, education status, physical activity, smoking status, drinking status, history of diabetes, history of hypertension and history of use antihypertensive drugs (all P<0.01) . Higher RHR was linked with higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension history, and higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and FBG levels (all P<0.01). After a mean follow-up of 9.5 years, the incidence of new-onset heart failure in Q(1), Q(2), Q(3), Q(4) and Q(5) groups was 1.60%(290/18 168), 1.36%(258/18 970), 1.80%(245/13 583), 1.76%(400/22 739) and 2.35%(362/15 419),respectively (P<0.01) . The person-year incidence of heart failure in Q(1), Q(2), Q(3), Q(4) and Q(5) groups was 1.7, 1.5, 1.9, 1.9 and 2.6 per 1 000 person-years respectively. Compared with the Q(2) group, multivariate analysis with adjustment for major traditional cardiovascular risk factors showed that HRs of Q(3),Q(4),and Q(5) group were 1.23 (95%CI 1.03-1.48, P<0.05) , 1.19 (95%CI 1.01-1.41, P<0.05) , 1.39 (95%CI 1.18-1.65, P<0.01) , respectively. In the absence of hypertension, diabetes, smoking and acute myocardial infarction, the Cox regression model showed that compared with Q(2) group, the HR of new-onset heart failure in Q(5) group was 1.58 (95%CI 1.02-2.45, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Increased RHR is associated with increased risk of new-onset heart failure in this cohort.

Predictive models of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage ii colorectal cancer: A retrospective study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It remains controversial whether patients with Stage II colorectal cancer would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after radical resection. The aim of this study was to establish two mathematical models to identify the suitable patients for adjuvant chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The current study comprised of two steps. In the first step, 353 patients with Stage II colorectal cancer who underwent surgical procedures at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between June 2006 and December 2015 were entered and followed up for 6-120 months. Their clinical data were collected and enrolled into the database. We established two mathematical models by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify the target patients; in the second step, 230 patients under the same standard between January 2012 and December 2016 were entered and followed up for 3-62 months to verify the two models' validation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the first step, totally 340 surgical patients with Stage II colorectal cancer were finally enrolled in this study. Statistical analysis showed that tumor differentiation (TD) (P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P < 0.001), uncertain or positive margins (UPM) (P < 0.001), and fewer lymph nodes (LNs) (<12) retrieved (P < 0.001) were correlated with the overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). We obtained two models: (1) OS risk score = 1.116 × TD + 2.202 × LVI + 3.676 × UPM + 1.438 × LN - 0.493; (2) DFS risk score = 0.789 × TD + 2.074 × LVI + 3.183 × UPM + 1.329 × LN - 0.432. According to the models and cutoff points [(0.07, 1.33) and (-0.04, 1.30), respectively], patients can be divided into three groups: low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk. Moreover, the high-risk group patients could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. In the second step, totally 221 patients were finally used to verify the models' validation. The results proved that the models were accurate and feasible (P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>According to the predictive models, patients with Stage II colorectal cancer in the high-risk group are strongly recommended for adjuvant chemotherapy, thus facilitating the individualized and precise treatment.</p>

History of pregnancy induced hypertension is linked with increased risk of cardio-cerebral vascular events / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events between pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) women and non-PIH(NPIH) women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ambispective cohort study method was used and 4630 pregnant women giving birth during October 1976 to December 2008 in our hospital and participated the healthy examination between July 2006 and October 2007 at Kailuan medical group were included and divided into PIH group (n = 694) and NPIH group (n = 3936) by the history of PIH. Incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events (myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage) was obtained during follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models was used to assess the relative risk of cardio-cerebral vascular events.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The follow-up time was 2 to 34 (15.32 ± 7.94) years. (2) The childbearing age, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before delivery were significantly higher while gestational weeks and weight of newborn were significantly less in PIH group than in NPIH group (all P < 0.01). Levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose during healthy examination between July 2006 and October 2007 were significantly higher in PIH group than in NPIH group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) There were 71 cardio-cerebral vascular events during the follow-up. In PIH group, the incidence rate of cardio-cerebral vascular events, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction was 20.64%, 11.08% and 8.67%, respectively, while the corresponding incidence rate was 7.82%, 4.02% and 2.67% in NPIH group (all P < 0.01). After adjustment for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the risk of total cardio-cerebral vascular events, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction in PIH group was 2.99 fold (95%CI: 1.80 - 4.95), 3.91 fold (95%CI: 1.71 - 8.91) and 3.96 fold (95%CI: 1.95 - 8.05) higher than in NPIH group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PIH is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebral vascular events.</p>

The prevalence and distribution of ideal cardiovascular health behavior in employees of Kailuan Group cohort / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the prevalence and distribution of ideal cardiovascular health behavior.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Health examination data between 2008 to 2009 from the employees of Kailuan Group were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 101 333 subjects took part in the health examination, subjects with previous myocardial infarction (n = 871), stroke (n = 2255), myocardial infarction and stroke (n = 162) and subjects with incomplete examination data (n = 9311) were excluded and 88 534 subjects were included for final analysis [mean age (50.6 ± 12.3) years, male 69 916]. (1) Body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic pressure, cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride were significantly higher in males than in females (all P < 0.05), women's income and the education lever were significantly higher than men (P < 0.05). (2) The distribution of ideal cardiovascular health behavior (smoking, BMI, physical exercise, salt intake) was 55.8%, 41.4%, 18.9% and 14.0% respectively among the population; the ideal cardiovascular factors (fasting blood glucose, TC, blood pressure) was 80.9%, 61.8% and 18.5%, respectively. (3) The subjects with distribution of seven, six, five, four ideal cardiovascular health behavior and factors was 0.1%, 1.9%, 9.1%, 20.3%, respectively. (4) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female, age < 55 and high education level were associated with the ideal cardiovascular health status with a RR value (95%CI) of 4.52 (4.32 - 4.72), 1.46 (1.39 - 1.53) and 2.23 (2.10 - 2.37), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is extremely low in the study population, most persons were not in the ideal cardiovascular health behavior and factors and female, age < 55 and high education level are linked with ideal cardiovascular health status.</p>

Association between baseline high sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the first cardio-cerebral vascular event in diabetic population: a prospective cohort study / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the predictive value of baseline serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein for the first cardio-cerebral vascular event in the population with diabetes.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>In this prospective cohort study, a total of 101 510 employees of Kai Luan Group, who received healthy examination from July 2006 to October 2007, were screened and 7865 subjects with fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or known diabetes mellitus and under insulin or hypoglycemic drugs therapy were followed up for 38 - 53 (48.02 ± 3.14) months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Incidence rates of total cardio-cerebral vascular events, cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction increased in proportion to increased levels of baseline hsCRP (P < 0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cigarette smoking, multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that the individuals in the highest quartile of hsCRP levels group (hsCRP ≥ 2.50 mg/L) had an increased risk of total cardio-cerebral vascular events (RR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.20 - 2.24), cerebral infarction (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.24), myocardial infarction (RR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.34 - 4.91) compared with those in the lowest quartile group (hsCRP < 0.41 mg/L). (2) Higher baseline hsCRP levels were associated with aging, female gender, higher BMI, SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C levels (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Baseline hsCRP level is associated with increased first cardio-cerebral vascular event in the population with diabetes.</p>